About this Manual
This manual is written in SGML using the DocBook DTD (http://www.ora.com/davenport/), using
DSSSL (http://www.jclark.com/dsssl/) (Document Style and Semantics Specification Language) for
formatting. The tools used for formatting HTML, TeX and RTF versions are Jade
(http://www.jclark.com/jade/), written by James Clark (http://www.jclark.com/bio.htm) and The Modular
DocBook Stylesheets (http://nwalsh.com/docbook/dsssl/) written by Norman Walsh (http://nwalsh.com/).
PHP’s documentation framework was assembled by Stig Sæther Bakken (mailto:stig@php.net).

PHP3 Manual
Stig Sæther Bakken
Alexander Aulbach
Egon Schmid
Jim Winstead
Lars Torben Wilson
Rasmus Lerdorf
Zeev Suraski
Edited by
Stig Sæther Bakken

Preface ......................41
About this Manual.........41
I. Getting Started .....42
1. Introduction..43
What is PHP?..........................................................................................................................43
What can PHP do?..................................................................................................................43
A Brief History of PHP ..........................................................................................................44
2. instalations ...45
Downloading the latest version ..............................................................................................45
instalations on UNIX systems ................................................................................................45
Quick instalations Instructions 3pod (Apache Module Version) ...........................................45
Configuration ................................................................................................................46
Apache module .............................................................................................................46
fhttpd module................................................................................................................46
CGI version...................................................................................................................47
Database Support Options.............................................................................................47
Adabas D.............................................................................................................47
dBase ...................................................................................................................47
filePro ..................................................................................................................47
mSQL ..................................................................................................................48
MySQL................................................................................................................48
iODBC.................................................................................................................48
OpenLink ODBC.................................................................................................48
Oracle ..................................................................................................................49
PostgreSQL .........................................................................................................49
Solid ....................................................................................................................49
Sybase..................................................................................................................49
Sybase-CT ...........................................................................................................50
Velocis .................................................................................................................50
A custom ODBC library......................................................................................50
Unified ODBC.....................................................................................................50
LDAP...................................................................................................................51
Other configure options.................................................................................................51
–with-mcrypt =DIR..............................................................................................51
–enable-sysvsem..................................................................................................51
–enable-sysvshm .................................................................................................51
–with-xml ............................................................................................................52
–enable-maintainer-mode....................................................................................52

List of Examples
1-1. An introductory example....................................................................................................................43
4-1. Ways of escaping from HTML...........................................................................................................78
6-1. Simple form va89
6-2. More complex form variables ............................................................................................................89
6-3. SetCookie Exa90
7-1. Defining Consta93
7-2. Using __FILE__ and __LINE__........................................................................................................93
13-1. GIF creation with PHP...................................................................................................................121
14-1. HTTP Authentication example ......................................................................................................122
14-2. HTTP Authentication example forcing a new name (exp 3pod.com)/password......................................................123
16-1. File Upload Form ...........................................................................................................................125
16-2. Uploading multiple forms ..............................................................................................................126
1. getallheaders() Example ......................................................................................................................142
1. array example....145
1. array_walk 146
1. arsort example..146
1. asort example....147

List of Tables
2-1. PHP Modules .....60
5-1. Escaped characters .............................................................................................................................??
9-1. Arithmetic Ope97
9-2. Bitwise Operator98
9-3. Logical Operator98
9-4. Comparson Op99
9-5. Operator Precedence ........................................................................................................................100
1. Calendar modes ...173
1. Calendar week modes..........................................................................................................................174
1. Font file format ....336
1. error_log log types ..........................................................................................................................372
1. error_reporting bit values ............................................................................................................373
1. LONGVARBINARY handling ............................................................................................................549
1. XML parser opti768
1. UTF-8 encoding...770
B-1. PHP Internal Types..........................................................................................................................779
C-2. Debugger Error Types .........................

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